The flowers are produced in a panicle or corymb up to 26 cm (10 in) long; each flower is small, pale green at first, then turning reddish, with five slender, acute petals 7–15 mm (0.28–0.59 in) long. The cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale) is a tropical evergreen tree that produces the cashew seed and the cashew apple. Thank you for signing up to Live Science. However, cashews that have not been dried and roasted can be purchased in some stores and online. 1. Its nut, also known as cashew, is commonly eaten as food. Cashew nutshell liquid (CNSL) or cashew shell oil (CAS registry number 8007-24-7) is a natural resin with a yellowish sheen found in the honeycomb structure of the cashew nutshell, and is a byproduct of processing cashew nuts. [citation needed], The shell of the cashew nut contains oil compounds that can cause contact dermatitis similar to poison ivy, primarily resulting from the phenolic lipids, anacardic acid, and cardanol. A crescent-shaped protrusion is attached to the outside of the cashew apple, where the nut exists. The resulting beverage is called feni or fenny. Sprouting like a tail from the bottom of an oddly-shaped fruit, the cashew, in its natural state, is both very weird-looking and very poisonous. Follow Elizabeth Palermo on Twitter @techEpalermo, Facebook or Google+. People stopping by our booth are often amazed to hear where cashews come from so we thought it would be nice to post a little background. The province of Pampanga also has a sweet dessert called turrones de casuy, which is cashew marzipan wrapped in white wafers. Just as the cashew isn’t really a nut, this so-called apple is a false fruit. In Goan cuisine, both roasted and raw kernels are used whole for making curries and sweets. The largest cashew tree in the world covers about 81,000 sq. Yet, this part of … It also grows in parts of Asia and Africa. [37], As well as the botanical name Anacardium occidentale, the tree is known by common, or vernacular names. Discarded cashew nuts unfit for human consumption, alongside the residues of oil extraction from cashew kernels, can be used to feed livestock. These include polyols, which have recently seen increased demand for their biobased origin and key chemical attributes such as high reactivity, range of functionalities, reduction in blowing agents, and naturally occurring fire retardant properties in the field of rigid polyurethanes, aided by their inherent phenolic structure and larger number of reactive units per unit mass.[18]. poison ivy) may not want to risk finding out whether these processes for removing anarcardic acid are entirely effective. Honestly, it looks odd and pretty unappetizing. It possibly refers to the heart shape of the fruit,[6] to "the top of the fruit stem"[7] or to the seed. Instead, cashews are typically dried and roasted, a process that rids the nut of toxic oils and leaves its shell brittle and easy to remove. In the Indian state of Goa, the cashew apple is mashed and the juice extracted and kept for fermentation for a few days. Ever wonder where cashews come from? NY 10036. The shells would get cooked in a digester, and the gases produced as a result (mostly methane gas) would theoretically fuel the town. These substances are skin allergens, like lacquer and the oils of poison ivy, and present a danger during manual cashew processing. The cashew, known botanically as Anacardium occidentale, is the seed of a tropical evergreen shrub related to mango, pistachio and poison ivy. The leaves are spirally arranged, leathery textured, elliptic to obovate, 4–22 cm (1.6–8.7 in) long and 2–15 cm (0.79–5.91 in) broad, with smooth margins. The cashew is inside the dark hull at the bottom, it is slightly sticky, strong smelling and toxic. The cashew tree is native to northeastern Brazil, but the Portuguese took it to Goa, India between 1560 and 1565. The tree produces a fleshy, pear-shaped stalk called a cashew apple on its branches. The United States imports most of their cashews from Brazil, Vietnam, and India. Filmed in Costa Rica. … Cashews are commonly used in South Asian cuisine, whole for garnishing sweets or curries, or ground into a paste that forms a base of sauces for curries (e.g., korma), or some sweets (e.g., kaju barfi). Future US, Inc. 11 West 42nd Street, 15th Floor, Cashew (Anacardium occidentale) nuts and by-products. [26][27][28][29] These allergies are triggered by the proteins found in tree nuts, and cooking often does not remove or change these proteins. Cashew nuts come from fruit producing trees. We’re questioning what person looked at the below picture and thought, “Hmm, that would make a good snack.” Heuzé V., Tran G., Hassoun P., Bastianelli D., Lebas F., 2017. The seed is surrounded by a double shell that contains an allergenic phenolic resin, anacardic acid—which is a potent skin irritant chemically related to the better-known and also toxic allergenic oil urushiol, which is found in the related poison ivy and lacquer tree. [1] What appears to be the fruit is an oval or pear-shaped structure, a hypocarpium, that develops from the pedicel and the receptacle of the cashew flower. The "false fruit" is edible, but highly perishable. [9] The epithet occidentale derives from the Western (or Occidental) world.[10]. [25], For up to 6% of children and 3% of adults, consuming cashews may cause allergic reactions, ranging from mild discomfort to life-threatening anaphylaxis. Frederic Patenaude talks about the cashew fruit. In the southern region of Mtwara, Tanzania, the cashew apple (bibo in Swahili) is dried and saved. Brazil, India, and Vietnam accounted for 92% (6%, 11%, and 75% respectively) of the United States cashew imports. 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